Description (from C.I.H. Descriptions of Plant-parasitic Nematodes)
Female: Body, slender nearly straight when killed by gentle
heat. Head almost continuous with body contour, with 3 or 4 annules,
heavily sclerotized skeleton extending into body approximately width of
one annule. Surface view of head using the scanning electron microscope
shows the surface characteristically divided into submedian and lateral
segments. Six small papillae surround the oral opening and 2 large
amphids are present laterally. Spear with rounded basal knobs sometimes
cupped anteriorly. Median oesophageal bulb oval, relatively narrow.
Excretory pore about opposite oesophago-intestinal junction. Oesophagus
overlaps intestine ventrally in a long lobe. Spermatheca fuctional,
oblong when distended with sperm, postvulval sac about 2 vulval body widths
long with rudimentary ovary. Lateral field with 4 incisures, outer
ones smooth or weakly crenate, inner ones closer to each other than to
outer ones, occasionally oblique lines in inner field. Tail tapering,
with narrowly rounded to subacute smooth tip, occasionally irregular, sometimes
with one or two annulations.
Male: Common, generally similar to female in appearance of head
and oesophagus. Lateral field ends on bursa, which envelops tail.
Spicules curved, cephalated; gubernaculum simple.
Type and host locality: Roots of California black walnut, Juglans
hindsii, San Jose, California, USA.
Description (from Allen and Jensen, 1951)
Female: Cuticle marked by distinct transverse striae averaging
about 1 um apart except in neck and tail where striae may be nearly
2 um apart. Wing area composed of three elements marked by
four incisures, the outer ones noticeably crenate. Lip region almost
continuous with body contour; marked by two or three striae which form
three or four annules. In face view six sectors of the lip region
are visible, the lateral lips are distinctly wider than the submedians.
Papillae very obscure. Amphid apertures located near outer margin
of lateral lips. Spear 16 to 18 um long with well developed
conspicuous basal knobs. Wide muscular bands connect spear base with
the heavily sclerotized labial framework.
Dorsal esophageal gland orifice located about 3 um behind
spear base. Median esophageal bulb slightly ovate, equipped with
a refractive valvular apparatus. Nerve ring surrounding esophagus
just behind median bulb. Esophagus extending about 2 body widths
beyond median bulb. Esophageal glands forming a large lobe overlapping
the anterior end of the intestine. Three esophageal nuclei are usually
visible. Excretory pore located about 2 body widths behind median
bulb.
Anterior branch of female reproductive system composed of a short
uterus, cellular oviduct and outstretched ovary made up of a series of
developing oocytes arranged in a single file except for a short region
of reproduction near anterior end. Ovary frequently extending to
the vicinity of the esophageal glands. Posterior uterine branch extending
one-fourth to tone-half the distance to anal opening. Posterior branch
composed of a short extension of the uterus and a short vestigial ovary.
Vestigial ovary obscure, but readily seen in stained specimens. Phasmid
openings slightly posterior to middle of tail. The four incisures
extend beyond the phasmids almost to terminus of tail. Striae of
cuticle not extending around terminus of tail.
Male: Lip region continuous with neck contour, marked
by two or three striae which form three or four annules. Spear 15
to 18
um long, labial framework, and esophagus similar to that of
female. Phasmids located slightly posterior to middle of tail, extending
into bursa: opening short of the margin of the bursa. In cross-section
tail ventrally flattened posterior to anal opening. Single testis
made up of developing spermatocytes usually arranged in two rows.
Length of testis variable, sometimes extending to vicinity of the esophageal
glands. Spicula arcuate, hafted, about 17 um long. Gubernaculum
slightly arcuate, about 5 um long.
Type host: California black walnut, Juglans hindsii Jepson
Type locality: San Jose, California
Description (from Sher & Allen, 1953)
Female: Lateral fields marked by four incisures.
Lip region almost continuous with body contour, marked by three annules.
Spear 16 um long with broadly rounded basal knobs. Sclerotized
labial framework extends into the body laterally about one body annule.
Spear-guiding apparatus extends posteriorly from basal plate about three
body annules. Hemizonid just in front of excretory pore, about two
body annules long. Ovary outstretched, extends past esophageal gland,
consists of a single row of oocytes except for a region of multiplication
near anterior end. Spermatheca oblong. Cellular oviduct a little
longer than spermatheca. Uterus slightly shorter than spermatheca.
Posterior uterine branch long, more than twice the width of body at vulva,
composed of a short extension of the uterus and a short vestigial ovary.
Phasmid slightly posterior to middle of tail. Four lateral lines
extending past phasmid. Tail tapers. Terminus rounded, not
striated.
Male: Similar to female. Single outstretched
testis contains spermatocytes usually arranged in two rows, often extends
to the region of esophageal glands. Phasmids slightly posterior to
middle of tail, extend into bursa. Spicula arcuate, hafted, rest
upon trough-shaped gubernaculum.
Type host: Roots of walnut.
Type locality: San Jose, Santa Clara County, California.
Description (from Arjun Lal & Khan, 1989)
Lip annules three or four; lateral field with four
incisures, the central zone narrower than the lateral ones; female with
oval spermatheca filled with sperms: female tail terminus narrowly rounded
to subacute. Males common and similar to females in general morphology,
lateral field ends on bursa which envelops tail; spicules curved, cephalated,
gubernaculum simple. Presence of a shorter spear is considered as
geographical variation.
Habitat and locality: Soil around the roots of walnut (Juglans
regia) collected from reserved natural forests, Latoli Road, IVRI,
Mukteshwar (Kumaon hills), Uttar Pradesh on 13.5.1984 by the senior author.