| 1. |
Cyst (and female)
without posterior protuberance
l
l
l
l
l
|
|
2
|
Cyst (and female) with distinct
posterior protuberance
l
l
l
l
l |
 |
Other Heteroderidae-
see Mulvey
& Golden, 1983
|
|
|
|
| 2. |
Vulva
fenestra large, anal area small and without fenestration; cysts
spherical, subspherical, or elongate ovoid
l
l
l
|
 
|
|
| Vulva and anal
fenestra large, both of equal size; cysts ovoid or pear shaped |
 |
|
|
|
|
| 3. |
Cysts
pear shaped; second-stage larvae with body length of 350 - 490 um
l
l
l
l
|
|
|
| Cysts spherical
or ovoid, second-stage larvae with body length greater than 500 um |
|
4
|
|
|
|
| 4. |
Massive
bullae between vulva and anal fenestra; second-stage larvae with esophageal
gland lobe extending to about 50% of body length; stylet knobs strongly
concave anteriorly; host grasses
|
|
P. matadorensis
|
| Bullae small,
scattered or absent; second-stage larva esophageal gland lobe extending
to about 30% of body length; stylet knobs flattish to slightly concave
anteriorly; host maize |
|
P. chalcoensis
|
|
|
|
| 5. |
Cysts
spherical or subspherical; bullae absent; second-stage larva with four
lines in lateral field
l
l
l
l
|
|
|
| Cysts elongate
ovoid; bullae present; second-stage larva with three lines in lateral field |
|
|
|
|
|
| 6. |
Cyst
wall pattern with rugose striae at midbody primarily extending latitudinally;
second-stage larvae with ratio "a" = about 18-25; stylet length 20 um
or more; dorsal gland duct opening about one-third or less of stylet length
from its base
|
|
|
| Cyst wall pattern
with prominent striae extending longitudinally from fenestral area to near
base of neck, body of second-stage larvae very thin, with "a" = 39; stylet
length 18 um; dorsal esophageal gland duct opening about two-thirds
of stylet length from its base |
|
G. leptonepia
|
|
|
|
| 7. |
B/A
ratio averages 1.7 (1.0 - 2.8)
|
|
8
|
| B/A ratio averages
2.5 - 3.7 (range 1.3 - 9.5) |
|
|
|
|
|
| 8. |
Cuticle
between anus and vulva fenestra deeply etched; distinct circumfenestral
area present in yellow and mature cysts
|
|
G. solanacearum
|
| Cuticle between
anus and vulva fenestra moderately etched; circumfenestral area obscure
in mature females |
|
G. tabacum
|
|
|
|
| 9. |
Cuticular
pattern mazelike between anus and vulva fenestra
|
|
G. virginiae
|
| Cuticular pattern
not mazelike between anus and vulva fenestra, more or less straight lines
or ridges |
 |
10
|
|
|
|
| 10. |
Number
of cuticular ridges between anus and vulva fenestra 8-20 (av. 12.2);
second-stage larvae stylet length 23.6 um (21-26); body length 484
um
(440-525); if females are available, perineal tubercles small and discrete.
l
|
|
|
| Number of cuticular
ridges between anus and vulva fenestra 21.6 (16-31); second-stage larvae
stylet length 21.8 um (21-23); body length 468 um (425-505);
if females are available, perineal tubercles large and clumped together. |
 |
|
|
|
|
| Authorities: |
Punctodera,
Mulvey & Stone, 1976
P. punctata
(Thorne, 1928) Mulvey & Stone, 1976
P. matadorensis
Mulvey & Stone, 1976
P. chalcoensis
Stone, Sosa Moss & Mulvey, 1976
Globodera
Skarbilovich, 1959
G. leptonepia
G.S. Cobb & Taylor, 1953
G. solanacerarum
Miller & Gray, 1972
G. tabacum
Lownsbury
& Lownsbury, 1954
G. virginiae
Miller & Gray, 1968
G. pallida
Stone, 1973
G. rostochiensis
Wollenweber, 1923
Dolichodera
Mulvey
& Ebsary, 1980
D. fluvialis
Mulvey
& Ebsary, 1980 |
|
|
