Xiphinema index
Thorne & Allen, 1950
Drawings

Female:  3.4 mm; a = 58; b = 7.6; c = 76; V = 38
Male:  4.6 mm; a = 63; b = 7.3; c =  88; T = 49

Lip region continuous with the neck contour, bearing the usual two circlets of 6 and 10 papillae.  Amphids almost as broad as head, with slender tubes leading back to the sensillae pouches.  Minute fibrils are sometimes visible in the amphidial pouch.  Lateral fields very narrow on the neck, but gradually becoming broader until they are about one-fourth as wide as the neck.  A series of lateral pores is present, appearing in a single line on the neck, then branching into two lines.  Dorsal and ventral pores present near the head.  Four pairs of caudal pores present on both males and females.  Caudal cuticle radially striated.
     Spear typical of the genus, with the usual extensions and flanges, its total length averaging about 190 u. Esophagus beginning as a slender tube which is reflexed when the spear is retracted.  Just anterior to the nerve ring, a tiny spear can usually be seen in the esophageal tissues which marks the location of the cell from which the spear originated.  Just before a moult, the fully developed spear occupies almost the entire length of the slender anterior portion of the esophagus.  Frequently the basal portion of the esophagus is shifted in position until the conspicuous dorsal gland may appear in a lateral or ventral position.  The anterior pair of submedian gland nuclei generally is easily visible, but the posterior pair frequently is very obscure.  Cardia conoid.  Intestine about 8 cells in circumference.  Female prerectum eight to ten times as long as body diameter.  Ovaries approximately symmetrical, reflexed, but varying greatly in location because of the large eggs, which crowd them out of position.  Usually the anterior ovary lies on the right, the posterior on the left side of the body.
     Male tail bearing the usual adanal pair of supplements, a ventromedian series of four, and an innervated organ anterior to the supplement series.  There also is a ventrosubmedian series of seven pairs of innervated papillae.  Musculature of the posterior portion of the male is a prominent feature.  Spicula strong, arcuate, with small lateral guiding pieces.

     Most closely related to Xiphinema diversicaudatum (Micoletzky, 1927) Thorne, 1939, from which it is distinguished by the more anterior position of the vulva, 38 to 47.7 per cent; four pairs of male caudal pores, compared with six for diversicaudatum; greater width of female, a = 58-72; and greater length of neck, b = 7.6-10.1. Xiphinema index is slightly smaller, 3.4 to 4.0 mm, but this difference can scarcely be considered as a character of specific importance.
     Habitat:  Hundreds of females and two males from soil about the roots of fig, Ficus carica, collected near Planada, California.
(Description- Thorne, 1961)