Meloidogyne arenaria
(Neal, 1889) Chitwood, 1949
|
Syn.:
|
Anguillula arenaria Neal, 1889
Tylenchus arenarius (Neal, 1889) Cobb, 1890
M. arenaria thamesi (Neal, 1889) Chitwood et al.,
1952
M thamesi (Chitwood et al., 1952) Goodey, 1963 |
Introduction
M. arenaria is considered one of the "major" Meloidogyne species
due to its worldwide economic importance. It is commonly encountered in
warmer regions and is seldom found in areas where average monthly temperatures
approach freezing. It is the most morphologically and cytologically variable
of the Meloidogyne species. Two host races have been differentiated , one
that reproduces on peanut (race 1), and race 2 which cannot. M. arenaria
is a mitotically parthenogenetic species with chromosome numbers that range
from 30-50.
Classification
Most molecular RFLP studies have demonstrated that M. arenaria is
most similar to M. javanica. Mitochondrial restriction digests indicate
a range of variability that equals or exceeds the variability found between
M.
arenaria and the other mitotically parthenogenetic "major" species
(M. javanica, and M. incognita).
Morphological identification
Key morphological characteristics are described in detail in Eisenback
and Triantaphyllou (1991) and in Eisenback et al., (1981). They specifically
mention: a highly variable perineal pattern which often is characterized
by a dorsal arch that is low and rounded, with striae that range from smooth
to wavy, the female stylet ( 13-17 um) that is robust and characteristically
wide near the knobs, the male head shape of low to moderately rounded,
and second stage juvenile stylet (10-12 um) with fairly large, distinctly
separate knobs.
Key References:
Eisenback, J.D., Hirschmann, H., Sasser, J.N., and A.C.Triantaphyllou.
1981. A Guide to the Four Most Common Species of Root-Knot Nematodes,
(Meloidogyne species) with a pictorial key. A Coop. Publ. Depts. Plant
Pathol. and Genetics and U.S. Agency for International Development, Raleigh,
NC.
Eisenback, J.D. and H.H.Triantaphyllou. 1991. Root-knot nematodes: Meloidogyne
species and races. In Manuel of Agricultural Nematology, W.R. Nickle, ed.
Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York. pp. 191- 274.
DNA Sequences Obtained
