Pratylenchus gibbicaudatus
Minagawa, Nozomu, 1982
FemaleParatypes:  n = 30, L = 409-532 um (483±34: mean standard deviation), a = 0.16-29.7 (20.0±3.6), b = 5.3-9.5 (6.5±0.8), c = 12.8-19.0 (15.5±1.4), c’ = 1.6-3.9 (2.4±0.5), V = 69.5-77.4 (72.8±1.8), stylet = 13.9-16.4 um (15.3±0.6), prorhabdion = 7.6-9.1 um (8.2±0.4). Holotype:  L = 507 um, a = 17.9, b = 6.6, c = 16.0, c’ = 2.1, V = 72.3, stylet = 15.2 um, prorhabdion = 8.2 um.
 Body stout, straight to open C-shape after fixation.  Body width slightly increasing around median esophagus bulb to vulva and decreasing regularly from vulva to near tail terminus.  Lip region stepped by sides from body contour, flattened in front, with two annules, 1.9-2.5 um (2.4±0.2) high, 6.6-8.2 um wide.  Labial framework well developed, strongly sclerotized, arch-shaped, margin extending into two body annules.  Stylet stout; knobs round or slightly flattened at anterior surface, 1.9-2.5 um (2.1±0.2) high, 3.2-4.4 um (4.0±0.3) wide.  Dorsal esophageal gland orifice at 2.5-3.8 um (3.2±0.3) behind stylet base.  Metacorpus round, occupying nearly whole body width, 34.7-61.9 um (51.9±5.1) from anterior end.  Esophagus 61.3-98.5 um (76.6±9.4) long from anterior end of body to esophageal-intestinal junction.  Glandular esophageal basal lobe ended 107.4-217.9 um (131.7±25.6) from lip.  Excretory pore at 71.4-105.5 um (83.8±6.8), 15.6-20.3% (17.5±1.1) of body from anterior end.  Hemizonid located immediately in front of excretory pore, two-annules long; hemizonion one-annule long, around 15 um posterior to hemizonid in some specimens.  Lateral field about 6.3-10.1 um wide with four incisures, inner posterior end.  Reproduction system well developed.  Spermatheca round without sperms.  Postvulval uterine branch 21.5-46.7 um (33.5±8.4) long, 0.7-2.6 times (1.5±0.5) body width at vulva.  Distance between vulva and anus 2.8-4.5 times (3.3±0.5) tail length.  Tail 25.3-36.6 um (31.2±2.9) long with 24-39 (30±2.5) annules.  Phasmid at posterior half of tail, 7.6-15.8 um (12.5±2.0) from tail tip.  Tail terminus annulated, truncate, or broadly rounded with shallow notch at the top, and rarely bifurcate.  Body annules faint, about 0.7-1.2 um (1.0±0.1) apart at midbody.
 MaleParatype:  n= 1, L = 470 um, a = 32.2, b = 7.9, c = 18.6, c’ = 2.0, stylet = 14.8 um, prorhabdion = 8.2 um, stylet knob 1.9 um thick and 3.2 um wide, spicules = 17.7 um, gubernaculums = 5.1 um.  General view similar to female but body more slender and esophagus gland less developed.  Spicules arch-shaped; gubernaculums small.
 Type specimens.  Holotype:  female collected by N. Minagawa on September 2, 1980.  Paratypes:  30 females, 1 male and 3 larvae same data as holotype.  Holotype and 28 female- and other paratype specimens are deposited in the Herbarium and Insect Museum of the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Yatabe, Ibaraki Pref.  Two-paratype females are deposited in the Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station, Nishigoshi, Kumamoto Pref.
 Type habitat and locality.  Specimens were collected from rhizosphere of Scirpus Wichurai Böcklr. f. concolor (Maxim.) T. Koyama grown in a swamp adjacent to pastures in the Somma area of Mt. Aso, Kumamoto Pref (860 m alt.).
 Diagnosis.  Pratylenchus gibbicaudatus n. sp. is characterized by two lip annules and crenated tail terminus.  This species is most closely related to P. flakkensis Seinhorst, 1968, but differs from it by flattened anterior surface of stylet knobs, more posteriorly located phasmid, and greater number of tail annules (24-39 vs. 18-24).  P. gibbicaudatus n. sp. also resembles P. bicaudatus Meyl, 1954, which was usually treated as species inquirenda (Loof, 1960), in the shape of tail terminus, but differs from it by smaller V-value (Meyl, 1961).