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NOTES ON TAXONOMY AND BIOLOGY: This lesion nematode is an amphimictic species. Female P. sudanensis have 3 indistinct lip annuli, short post uterine branch and subcylindroid tail with broadly rounded to truncate and smooth terminus. This lesion nematode has migratory endoparasitic habits. Nematode development and reproduction occurs inside the root tissues of plant host.
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: This lesion nematode has been reported only in the Sudan (Yassin, 1974).
HOSTS: P. sudanensis infects and reproduces on cotton (Gossypium barabadense). No other host of this nematode is known.
CROP LOSSES: Nematode damage is restricted to G. barbadense cultivars. Yield increase by 56-88% has been reported in nematode infested fields after treatment with fumigant and non-fumigant nematicides.
MEANS OF MOVEMENT AND DISPERSAL: Through root material and by poorly sanitized bare root propagative plant material.
RATING: (VL) Taking into consideration the limited distribution and known host range of this nematode, and the low chances of its introduction into the US, the risk posed by this lesion nematode is rated very low.
REFERENCES:
Loof, P. A. F. and A. M. Yassin. 1970. Three new
plant parasitic nematodes from the Sudan, with notes on Xiphinema basiri
Siddiqi,
1959. Nematologica 16:537-546.
Starr, J. L., and L. J. Page. 1990. Nematode parasites
of cotton and other tropical fibre crops. Pp. 539-556 in M. Luc,
R. A. Sikora, and J. Bridge eds. Plant parasitic nematodes in tropical
and subtropical agriculture. Wallingford, UK: CAB International.
Yassin, A. M. 1974. A root lesion nematode parasitic
on cotton in the Gezira. Nematologica 19:122-123.