Genus Criconema
Hofmänner & Menzel, 1914
syn.
Amphisbaenema Orton Williams, 1982
Cerchnotocriconema Bernard, 1982
Nenocriconema Darekar & Khan, 1982
Nothocriconema De Grisse & Loof, 1965
Nothocriconemella Ebsary, 1981
Notholetus Ebsary, 1981
Paracriconema Ebsary, 1981
Photo Gallery- Silver Falls SP, Oregon
Photo Gallery- Konza Prairie
Photo Gallery- Homestead Prairie
Photo Gallery- Barva Volcano, Costa Rica
Photo Gallery- LasCruces Biol. Station, Costa Rica
Photo Gallery- Costa Rica passionfruit
Photo Gallery- South Dakota Bearberry
Photo Gallery- UWA-Seattle


Diagnosis
Criconematinae.  Females 0.2 - 0.76 mm long. Annules 37-134, round or retrorse, with smooth or crenate margins.  Cephalic region with two annules; lip region elevated, with six pseudolips; submedian lobes poorly developed or usually absent.  Stylet 45-132 um long. Vulva closed, 3 - 21 annules from terminus.  VL/VB 0.5 -3. Tail conically pointed, or rounded.  Males with three or four incisures in lateral fields and a low bursa, which may be absent.  Fourth-stage juveniles with 8 - 18 rows of scales, each tipped with a pointed spine.
(Description- Siddiqi, 2000)

Type subgenus
    Criconema Hofmänner & Menzel, 1914

Other subgenera
    Amphisbaenema Orton Williams, 1982
    Nothocriconemella Ebsary, 1981
    Notholetus Ebsary, 1981

Criconematidae.
 Female: Body small to rather large (0.24-0.74 mm). Annuli 24-134; smooth or variously ornamented: i) finely crenate; ii) scale-like projections, if present, only on posterior part of body; iii) irregular plate-like coverings on cuticle over entire body (paradoxiger, shepherdae) or on part of annuli (lamellatum); iv) ruffled, ribbon-like ornamentation encircling annulus on anterior surface (giardi) or both anterior/posterior surfaces (psephinum); or v) cuticular fringe extending from posterior margin of annuli (brevicaudatum, giardi). Annuli of labial region smooth; usually with one annulus wider and clearly set off from next succeeding body annulus; occasionally separation is not distinct and labial region appears to bear two annuli. Labial region usually with six pseudolips rounded and projecting forward from first annulus. Stylet 40-132 um. Vulva on 4th-21st annulus from terminus, slit-like or completely closed by overhanging anterior lip. Tail conoid-pointed to bluntly rounded.
Male: Two to four lateral lines; bursa small, strongly reduced or lacking.
 Juveniles: Cuticle with scale-like cuticular appendages over entire body, usually with refractive elements or spine-like extensions at distal ends, arranged in eight to twenty-four longitudinal rows.

Species found:     at:
C.  permistum Sheeder Prairie, Iowa

Species List

This genus included in the Criconematid Project

DNA Sequences Obtained
Specimen:            collected:
PassionI-01 Costa Rica, passionfruit
PassionII-molt Costa Rica, passionfruit
PalmLC1-01 Costa Rica, palm